Momwe Mungakulitsire Banki Ya Battery Ya Solar Kuti Katundu Weniweni

Maupangiri ambiri amasinjidwe amakuwuzani fomula ndikuyimira pamenepo. Fomula ndi gawo losavuta. Chimene chimachititsa kuti anthu akhazikitse zinthu zenizeni ndi chilichonse chozungulira - mphamvu yogwiritsiridwa ntchito yomwe imasinthasintha malinga ndi chemistry ndi kutentha, inverter yomwe siingathe kupereka mphamvu ya pampu ya chitsime, kapena nambala yodziyimira payokha yomwe imawoneka bwino pamapepala mpaka{3}}mtambo wamtambo wamasiku atatu udakhuthula banki nthawi ya nkhomaliro tsiku lachiwiri.

Bukuli limadutsa mu banki ya batri momwe wopanga makina amafikira: yambani ndi katundu weniweni, gwiritsani ntchito chilinganizo chachikulu, kenako sinthani zenizeni za uinjiniya zomwe buku la equation limasiya. Pamapeto pake mudzakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka komwe mungathe kugula - osati nambala chabe pa bolodi loyera.

Kodi Banki Ya Battery Ya Solar Iyenera Kukhala Yaikulu Bwanji?

Chiyanjano chachikulu cha saizi ndi:

Kuchuluka kofunikira (Wh)=Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu tsiku ndi tsiku (Wh) × Masiku odzilamulira

Kenako gawani ndi zomwe mukufuna kutulutsa (DoD) kuti mupeze kuchuluka komwe mukufunikira kugula:

Kuchuluka kwadzina (Wh)=Kuchuluka kofunikira ÷ kagawo kakang'ono

Ngati mabatire anu adavoteredwa mu amp-maola osati ma watt-maola, sinthani ndi:

Ah=Wh ÷ magetsi amagetsi

Izi zimakupatsirani poyambira chitetezo. Chomwe chimachititsa kuti chikhale chopangidwa chenicheni ndicho kuwerengera mphamvu ya batire,{1}}kuyenda mozungulira bwino, malire a inverter, kuchuluka kwa machulukidwe, kutentha, ndi zenera la solar recharge. Nkhani yonseyi ikufotokoza motere.

Chidziwitso pa fomula: maupangiri ena amalemba "kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku × nthawi yosunga mu maola," zomwe zimangogwira ntchito ngati mutagawanika. Kugwiritsamasiku odzilamuliraimasunga mayunitsi mosasinthasintha ndikupewa cholakwika chofala kwambiri chomwe timawona pamabwalo a DIY.

Mphamvu ya Battery vs Power Output

Nambala isanatanthauze chilichonse, zimathandiza kulekanitsa zinthu ziwiri zomwe anthu nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza:

• Mphamvu (Wh kapena kWh)- kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe banki imasunga. Izi ndi zomwe ma formula amawerengera.
• Mphamvu (W kapena kW)- kuti mphamvuzo zingatumizidwe mofulumira bwanji panthawi inayake. Izi zimachepetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa batire la C-ndipo, nthawi zambiri, ndi inverter.

Banki ya 10 kWh yokhala ndi inverter ya 3 kW imatha kuyendetsa laputopu kwa masiku, koma siyingayambitse mpope wa chitsime cha 5-horsepower. Ngati kusiyana kumeneku sikudziwika, ndiyekusiyana kW ndi kWhNdikofunikira kuti muwerenge mwachangu musanapitilize - zolakwa zambiri zimayambira apa.

Nominal Capacity vs Kugwiritsa Ntchito

Batire la 10 kWh pafupifupi silimakupatsani 10 kWh tsiku lililonse, mphamvu zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomwe mumapeza zimatengera:

• Kuzama kotetezedwa kwa chemistry - Opanga LiFePO4 nthawi zambiri amatchula 80–95% DoD pakuyenda njinga, pomwe asidi wothira madzi{4} nthawi zambiri amasungidwa mpaka 50% kuti ateteze moyo
• -kuyenda mozungulira - makina a lithiamu nthawi zambiri amakhala 90–95%; asidi{{4}kuzungulira 80–85%
• Kutentha - mphamvu ya lithiamu imatsika pakatentha pang'ono, ndipo kulipiritsa kosazizira kwambiri kumakhala koletsedwa popanda chotenthetsera. Izi ndizoyenera kuunikanso mwatsatanetsatane ngati muyika panja (lithiamu batire kutentha osiyanasiyanaamatseka zitseko)
• Inverter self-kugwiritsa ntchito ndi BMS pamwamba

Sakanizani izi pamodzi ndi "10 kWh mwadzina" mosavuta kukhala 7–8 kWh wa mphamvu zenizeni, zogwiritsiridwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku pa lithiamu system, ndi kuyandikira 4 kWh pa banki ya lead{{4}acid. Apa ndipamene kuyika kocheperako kumalakwika: kukula kwa anthu kuchokera pa nambala yomata ndikudumpha kutsitsa.

Gawo 1

Musanayike chilichonse, sankhani zomwe batire likuyenera kuchita. Zochitika zenizeni zogwiritsa ntchito zikuwoneka motere:

• Zofunikira zosunga zobwezeretsera- furiji, magetsi, intaneti, malo ogulitsira ochepa, mwina chida chamankhwala
• Kusunga pang'ono-kunyumba- mayendedwe ochepa ovuta panthawi yazino
• Kusunga{0}}kwanyumba konse- chandamale chachikulu, nthawi zambiri chimafunika thandizo la jenereta
• Osakhala-pagulu lanyumba- kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, kusungirako usiku komanso koipa-nyengo
• RV, van, bwato- zosungirako zong'onongeka za katundu wa m'manja

Izi zili ndi maenvulopu osiyanasiyana, ndipo ndi iti yomwe ikugwira ntchito kwa inu - kuposa fomula iliyonse - imabweretsa yankho lomaliza. Ngati simunasankhe ngati ndinu gululi-omangidwa, osatseka-grid, kapena hybrid, ndiye poyambira (pa-grid vs off-grid vs hybrid solar systemsamathetsa mikangano).

Kuwerengera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Kwatsiku ndi Tsiku

Pa katundu aliyense:

Watts × maola patsiku=Wh patsiku

Zinthu ziwiri zoyamba zomwe zimaphonya apa:

1. Nameplate wattage si nthawi yothamanga.Furiji yomwe ili ndi 120 W simakoka 120 W mosalekeza - imazungulira. Kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera dzina ngati chojambula mosalekeza kumangoyerekeza tsiku lililonse Wh pafupifupi 2–3×. Pulagi-mita ya kWh pa chipangizo chenicheni cha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri ndi yolondola kwambiri.
2. Kusintha kwa nyengo ndikofunikira.Mpweya-zozizira, zotenthetsera m'mlengalenga, mapampu amadzi, ndi zotenthetsera madzi zamagetsi zili ndi mitundu yambiri yachilimwe-mpaka{2}}kuzizira. Kukula kwa mwezi woyipa kwambiri womwe mumasamala, osati kuchuluka kwapachaka.

Mndandanda wofunikira-wosunga zosunga zobwezeretsera ungawoneke motere:

Khwerero 2: Sankhani Masiku Angati Odzilamulira Amene Mukufuna

Kudziyimira pawokha ndi kuchuluka kwa masiku omwe banki imayenera kunyamula katundu wanu ndi kulowetsedwa pang'ono kapena osagwiritsa ntchito dzuwa. Zolinga zenizeni:

• 0.5 tsiku (usiku wokha)- gridi-makina olumikizidwa ndi sola ya masana yochotsa katundu wambiri
• 1 tsiku- zofala kumadera adzuwa komanso zosunga zobwezeretsera-mapangidwe okhazikika
• 2-3 masiku- kuchotsedwa-zinyumba za gridi zomwe zili m'madera omwe ali ndi dzuwa lodalirika, kapena madera omwe kumakhala mitambo nthawi zina
• 3–{1}} masiku- madera akumpoto, chisanu chochuluka, kapena malo okhala ndi mitambo yayitali

TheNREL PVWatts Calculatorimapereka malo-kuyerekeza kwapadera kwa sola mwezi ndi mwezi, ndipo kuwerenga koipitsitsa-mwezi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kothandiza kuposa avareji yapachaka posankha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zopangira zokha.

Pali malonda enieni-kuchoka pano. Tsiku lililonse lodziyimira pawokha limawonjezera mtengo komanso kulemera kwake, ndipo mabanki akulu amafunikiranso zida zokulirapo za solar kuti aziwonjezeranso mkati mwa maola omwe alipo. Ozimitsa-oyikira ma gridi nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza masiku 2-3 a batire ndi jenereta m'malo mopanga masiku 5+, chifukwa jenereta ndiyotsika mtengo kuposa batire yowonjezereka yomwe imalowetsa.

Khwerero 3: Sinthani Zosowa Zamagetsi Kukhala Mphamvu Ya Battery

Pogwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kudziyimira pawokha, lowetsani mafomuwa:

Zosungirako zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito=Daily Wh × masiku odzilamulira okha

Kuchulukirachulukira=Kufunika kosungirako kogwirika ÷ kagawo kakang'ono

Gawo lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito limatengera chemistry komanso momwe mukufuna kugwirira ntchito mosamala:

• LiFePO4:80-90% ndi chiwerengero chokwanira chokonzekera ntchito zambiri zogona; nthawi zonse tsimikizirani zolemba za wopanga
• AGM / lead lead-acid:amakonzekera pafupifupi 50%
• asidi wosefukira-asidi:50%, ndikufanana kwanthawi ndi nthawi

Chitsanzo chogwiritsidwa ntchito: 3,000 Wh/tsiku × 1.5 masiku odzilamulira okha=4, 500 Wh yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa LiFePO4 yokhala ndi 85% yogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye 4,500 ÷ 0.85 ≈ 5,300 Wh mwadzina. Pa AGM pa 50%, cholinga chomwecho ndi 9,000 Wh mwadzina - pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri. Chemistry si mawu apansi; ndi pafupifupi 2× kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe muyenera kugula.

Kusintha Wh kukhala Ah

Mabatire ambiri a lithiamu akugulitsidwa mu kWh, koma ma amp-maola apakati akadali ofala pamakina a 12V ndi 24V. Kutembenuka ndi:

Ah=Wh ÷ magetsi amagetsi

• 5,000 Wh pa 12V=417 Ah
• 5,000 Wh pa 24V=208 Ah
• 5,000 Wh pa 48V=104 Ah

Ngati gawo la Ah silikudziwika,zomwe Ah zikutanthauza pa batrichimakwirira tanthauzo ndi momwe zikugwirizanirana ndi nthawi yothamanga.

Khwerero 4: 12V vs 24V vs 48V - Sankhani Mphamvu Yoyenera Yamagetsi

Mphamvu yamagetsi singochulukirachulukira - imatsimikizira kukula kwa chingwe, zosankha za inverter, magwiridwe antchito, ndi masikelo adongosolo.

• 12V:Ma RV, ma vani, tinyumba ting'onoting'ono, makina-inverter osachepera ~1.5 kW. Zosavuta, zotsika mtengo za DC zilipo. Pamwamba pa ~ 2 kW ya katundu wopitilira, waya wa 12V amakhala wandiweyani.
• 24V:Mkati-zinyumba zazikulu ndi zazing'ono-zinyumba zamagridi mpaka pafupifupi 3–4 kW mosalekeza. Malo abwino apakati pomwe ma inverters a 48V akuchulukirachulukira koma 12V ndiyochepa kwambiri.
• 48V:Muyezo wa zosunga zobwezeretsera m'nyumba-zogona zonse, zosinthira zamakono zosakanizidwa, ndi makina aliwonse owopsa a-grid. Kutsika kwapano kumatanthauza zingwe zocheperako, kuchita bwino kwambiri, komanso kumagwirizana ndi zida zambiri.

Lamulo lodziwika bwino: ngati katundu wanu wopitilira upitilira 3 kW, kusakhazikika mpaka 48V. Ma hybrid inverter amakono komanso mabatire a LFP okwera-amphamvu kwambiri amamangidwa mozungulira 48V mwadzina kapenabatire yapamwamba{{0}voltagekupepesa makamaka chifukwa 12V ndi 24V sizimayendera bwino-zolemetsa zapakhomo.

Khwerero 5: Fananizani Chemistry ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito

Kuyerekeza moona mtima, kuchotsedwa malonda:

Pa masamu amtengo-zaka zambiri, LFP yapambana magawo a nyumba ndi C&I pazaka zisanu zapitazi, ndi mabungwe mongaUS Department of Energyzawonetsa kutsika kwamitengo komwe kwapangitsa kuti lithiamu ikhale yosasinthika pakuyika kwatsopano. Kuti muwone mozama momwe ma chemistries amafananizira kusungirako makamaka, onanimitundu yosiyanasiyana ya batri yosungiramo mphamvu.

Kukula ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mlandu

Awa ndi masinthidwe oyambira pakuyerekeza, osati makulidwe amtundu - nyengo, katundu, ndi kusankha kwa inverter zidzasuntha manambala mbali zonse ziwiri.

Kodi Kukula Kosavuta Kotani Simagwire

Fomula imatengera dziko loyera. Kuyika kwenikweni kuli ndi m'mphepete:

• surge katundu.Ma motors (mapampu abwino, ma compressor, ma AC mayunitsi) amatha kukoka 3-7 × mphamvu zawo zovoteledwa kwa mphindi imodzi kapena ziwiri poyambira. Batire iyenera kupereka mphamvuyo, ndipo inverter iyenera kudutsa. Ulendo wocheperako wa inverters; mabanki ocheperako akuchepa.
• -maulendo ozungulira.Mphamvu mkati si mphamvu yotha. Makina a lithiamu amataya pafupifupi 5–10% yaulendo wozungulira{3}}; lead{{4}asidi amataya 15–20%. Ngati mukufunikira 3 kWh kunja, mumayenera kuyika 3.3-3.6 kWh mkati.
• Kutentha kumachepa.LFP imataya mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito m'munsimu pafupifupi 0 digiri ndipo nthawi zambiri siyingaperekedwe pansi pa kuzizira popanda chotenthetsera chamkati. Malo otentha (madigiri 35 +) amathandizira kukalamba kwa kalendala. Ngati kukhazikitsa kuli mu garaja, kalavani, kapena kabati yakunja, izi zikusintha malire anu.
• Zenera la solar recharge.Banki ya 15 kWh yomwe imangopeza maola atatu adzuwa m'nyengo yozizira imafunika PV yokwanira komanso mphamvu yowongolera kuti ilowe m'malo mwa mphamvuzo. Banki yayikulu yokhala ndi gulu locheperako ndi banki yomwe imamira pang'onopang'ono.
• Kulumikizana kwa AC vs DC.Zomangamanga zimasintha komwe kutayika kumachitika komanso zomwe mukufuna. (AC-kuphatikizana ndi DC-kuphatikiza batire yosungirakoimafotokoza izi mwatsatanetsatane.)

Lamulo logwiritsiridwa ntchito: mukagunda nambala ndi fomula, onjezani 15–25% malire a zenizeni-zimene zikuchitika padziko lapansi pokhapokha mutatengera zomwe zili pamwambapa.

Zitsanzo ziwiri Zogwira Ntchito

Chitsanzo 1: Kusunga zofunikira pa nyengo yofatsa

Katundu: 2,120 Wh/tsiku (kuchokera patebulo pamwambapa). Cholinga: 1 tsiku lodziyimira pawokha panthawi yoyimitsa. Chemistry: LFP pa 85% yogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zofunikira zogwiritsidwa ntchito=2,120 × 1=2,120 Wh
Mwadzina=2,120 ÷ 0.85 ≈ 2,500 Wh
Ndi 20% yeniyeni{1}}malire adziko lonse: ~3,000 Wh (3 kWh)

Pa 48V, ndiye pafupifupi 62 Ah. Mabatire ambiri a LFP okhalamo amayamba pa 5 kWh, kotero kugula kothandiza ndi 5 kWh 48V unit - yomwe imakupatsaninso malo oti muzimitsa nthawi yayitali kapena kuwonjezera katundu wochepa.

Chitsanzo 2: Osapita{1}}kanyumba kagulu

Katundu: 3,600 Wh / tsiku (magetsi, furiji, laputopu, pampu yamadzi, zosakaniza). Cholinga: Masiku a 2 odziyimira pawokha kuti akwaniritse mtambo wamtambo. Chemistry: LFP pa 85%.

Zofunikira zogwiritsidwa ntchito=3,600 × 2=7,200 Wh
Mwadzina=7,200 ÷ 0.85 ≈ 8,500 Wh
Ndi malire a 20% panyengo yozizira komanso kukula kwamtsogolo: ~ 10,200 Wh

Chifukwa chake banki ya 10 kWh 48V LFP ndiyofunika kuchita - ndipo m'menemo, ambiri ochotsa-oyikira ma gridi amatha kuphatikizira izi ndi jenereta yaying'ono yamasiku ambiri-amvula yamkuntho m'malo mwa kukula kwa masiku 4+ odzilamulira okha, chifukwa jenereta ndiyotsika mtengo pa kWh iliyonse kuposa mabatire owonjezera.

Zolakwa Zazikulu Zofanana

• Kugwiritsa ntchito nameplate wattage m'malo moyezera nthawi yothamanga.Chitsime chimodzi chachikulu cha mndandanda wazinthu zazikuluzikulu.
• Kukula kuchokera pamlingo wodziwika, kunyalanyaza DoD.Zodziwika pa lead{{0}asidi zomwe zimayikidwa pomwe ogula amayembekezera 100 Ah kutanthauza 100 Ah yogwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse.
• Kuyiwala inverter.Banki yayikulu kumbuyo kwa inverter ya 3 kW sikutha kuyendetsa katundu wa 5 kW. Fananizani nawo. Theinverter yoyenera ndi kugwirizanitsa batri kuti mugwiritse ntchito kunyumbaNdi bwino kuganizira mozama musanagule iliyonse.
• Palibe pulani yowonjezeretsa solar.Ngati PV yanu siyingalowe m'malo mwa kujambula kwatsiku ndi tsiku mkati mwa maola omwe alipo dzuwa, kudziyimira pawokha kumangokhala mpaka banki itatsika.
• Kukula kwa katundu wamasiku ano okha.Kuchartsa ma EV, mapampu otenthetsera, ndi kuphika kolowera ndizowonjezera-zaka zitatu. Chokani kumutu.