Pali matanthauzo angapo odziwika a mphamvu, koma matanthauzo ake ndi ofanana. Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu ndi mphamvu iliyonse-yomwe ingathe kutembenuza anthu mwachindunji kapena kudzera mu mphamvu iliyonse yomwe angafune. Mwachidule, mphamvu amatanthauza chuma kutikupereka mphamvu; ndi mawu otanthauza zinthu zomwe zili ndi mphamvu zambiri- monga malasha, mafuta ndi mafuta a petroleum, mphamvu ya madzi, ndi mphamvu ya mphepo.
Mphamvu Mwachidule
★Kusungirako mphamvu ndi teknoloji yosungirako mphamvu
Mphamvu zimatenga mitundu yambiri ndipo zimatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi njira zamagulu osiyanasiyana. Pakalipano, amagawidwa molingana ndi zinthu monga kupanga mphamvu, mphamvu zake, mtundu wa ntchito, kaya zimaipitsa chilengedwe, ndi maonekedwe ake.
Gulu kutengera njira yopangira mphamvu kapena kupeza mphamvu:
(Kutengera njira yopangira mphamvu kapena kupeza, mphamvu imatha kugawidwa kukhala mphamvu yayikulu komanso yachiwiri, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Gulu 1-1)
(1) Mphamvu yoyamba, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mphamvu yachilengedwe, imatanthawuza mphamvu yomwe imapezeka mwachindunji kuchokera ku chilengedwe popanda kukonza kapena kutembenuka. Gululi likuphatikizapo mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso komanso zosatha{2}}zongowonjezera. Mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zimatanthawuza mphamvu zokhala ndi mphamvu zakubadwanso mwachilengedwe, zomwe sizichepetsa kwambiri mphamvu zonse panthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kutembenuka. Zimaphatikizapo mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphamvu ya mphepo, mphamvu ya hydropower, geothermal energy, ndi biomass energy. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, -mphamvu zongowonjezereka sizikhala ndi khalidwe lodzikonzanso-li, ndipo nkhokwe zake zimachepa pang'onopang'ono ndi kudyera masuku pamutu mosalekeza. Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino ndi malasha, mafuta, gasi, ndi mphamvu zanyukiliya.
(2) Mphamvu yachiwiri imatanthawuza zonyamulira mphamvu m'njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapezedwa mwa kukonza ndi kutembenuka kwa mphamvu zoyambira. Gululi limaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana monga magetsi, coke, gasi wamalasha, gasi wamagetsi, nthunzi, ndi mowa, komanso zinthu zamafuta monga petulo, palafini, dizilo, ndi mafuta olemera. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zomwe zimatenthedwa m'mafakitale, monga-gasi wotentha kwambiri, kutentha kwa zinthu, mipweya yoyaka, ndi madzi opanikizana, zimatengedwanso ngati magwero achiwiri amphamvu.
Kugawikana ndi Energy Properties:
Mphamvu zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu amafuta{{0}otengera mphamvu komanso zomwe si-zopanda mafuta-kutengera mphamvu zake.
(1) Mafuta{{1}mphamvu zochokera kumafuta amatanthauza zinthu zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zoyatsira popanga mphamvu. Gululi likuphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mafuta oyaka mafuta monga malasha, mafuta, ndi gasi; biofuel mu mawonekedwe a nkhuni, biogas, ndi zinyalala organic; ndi mafuta opangidwa ndi mankhwala monga methanol ndi mowa. Zimaphatikizaponso mafuta a nyukiliya monga uranium, xenon, ndi shale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za nyukiliya.
(2) Mphamvu zosakhala-zochokera kumafuta-zikutanthauza mitundu ya mphamvu yomwe siili yoyenera kuyaka mwachindunji, kuphatikizapo mphamvu yamadzi, mphamvu yamphepo, mphamvu ya mafunde, mphamvu ya mafunde, mphamvu ya solar, ndi geothermal.
Kugawikana ndi Mtundu Wogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu:
Mphamvu zimatha kugawidwa kukhala mphamvu wamba ndi mphamvu zatsopano kutengera mtundu wake wogwiritsa ntchito.
(1) Mphamvu wamba, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mphamvu yachikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri imatanthawuza mitundu ya mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso yokhwima mwaukadaulo, kuphatikiza malasha, mafuta, gasi lachilengedwe, mphamvu yamadzi, ndi mphamvu ya nyukiliya. (2) Mphamvu zatsopano zimatanthawuza mitundu ya mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zomwe zikufufuzidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyambirira kapena zomwe zili mu kafukufuku ndikudikirira kutchuka kwina, monga mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphamvu yamphepo, mphamvu ya geothermal, mphamvu ya m'nyanja, mphamvu ya biomass, ndi mphamvu yakuphatikiza nyukiliya.
Gulu lotengera ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumawononga chilengedwe:
Kutengera ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumawononga chilengedwe, zitha kugawidwa kukhala mphamvu zoipitsa komanso mphamvu zoyera.
(1) Mphamvu zoipitsa zimatanthauza mphamvu imene imaipitsa chilengedwe pamene ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga malasha ndi mafuta. Pogwiritsa ntchito, amapanga zowononga zambiri monga carbon dioxide, sulfure oxides, ndi nitrogen oxides chifukwa cha kuyaka, kuchititsa kutentha kwa kutentha, mvula ya asidi, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimakhudza chilengedwe ndi kuwononga chilengedwe.
(2) Mphamvu yoyera, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mphamvu yobiriwira, imatanthawuza mphamvu yomwe simatulutsa zowononga kapena kutulutsa zowononga pang'ono ndipo imakwaniritsa miyezo ina yotulutsa mpweya panthawi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu monga hydropower, mphepo yamkuntho, mphamvu ya dzuwa, komanso mphamvu ya nyukiliya.
Gulu kutengera mawonekedwe a mphamvu:
Kutengera mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe amphamvu, amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu ikuluikulu isanu ndi umodzi: mphamvu yamakina, mphamvu yamafuta, mphamvu yamankhwala, mphamvu ya radiation, mphamvu yamagetsi, ndi mphamvu ya nyukiliya.
Njira zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi njira zamakono zomwe ofufuza amagwiritsa ntchito. Pamene kumvetsetsa kwa mphamvu kwa anthu kukukula, mphamvu idzagawidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zina malinga ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za njira yamagulu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, cholinga chachikulu ndikumvetsetsa bwino mphamvu ndikukulitsa ndikuigwiritsa ntchito mwasayansi.